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Objective:To explore the evolution of CT characteristics of the "reversed halo sign" of pulmonary tuberculosis, and to further improve the recognition of its CT signs.Methods:Clinical and CT data of 12 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who were clinically and pathologically confirmed and accompanied with CT manifestation of "reversed halo sign" in First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology from August 2013 to April 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Pathological and imaging contrastl analysis was performed on 1 patient undergoing surgical treatment.Results:Among 12 cases with "reversed halo sign", there were 2 cases with single lesion in unilateral lung, 2 cases with multiple lesions in unilateral lung, and 8 cases with multiple lesions in bilateral lungs. Three cases showed only "reversed halo sign", 9 cases showed both halo-like sign and uniform fireworks sign. "Tree-in-bud "sign was found in all 12 patients in the outer ring of the "reversed halo sign". Eight patients received three or more CT examinations, and six of them showed reduction of density and volume of the "reversed halo sign" after standardized anti-tuberculosis treatment. Under the natural course of the disease in two cases, the overall enlargement of the lesion was observed in 1 case, and the overall density of the lesion was reduced and the outer ring wall of the "reversed halo sign" was thinned in 1 case. The pathology of one case after surgical lobectomy showed granulomatous inflammatory nodules of varying sizes containing Langerhans nodule giant cells in the lung parenchyma. The typical caseous necrotic granulomatous nodules were rare here. The "reversed halo sign" showed dense Langerhans nodules in the outer ring, sparse central areas with fibrous hyperplasia and alveolar wall thickening.Conclusions:The outer ring of "reversed halo sign" of pulmonary tuberculosis shows as "tree-in-bud" sign, and its center shows as the fine reticulation pattern. After effective anti-tuberculosis treatment, both the overall density of "reversed halo sign" and the lesion size reduced. Finally, the lesions mostly present as as fine grid shadows for a long time.
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Purpose To explore the independent predictors of malignant solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) manifesting as ground-glass nodule (GGN),and to establish a prediction model.Materials and Methods The clinical data and CT images of 362 patients (group A) with pathological-confirmed SPN appearing as GGN in Shanghai Chest Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University from January 2014 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.The independent predictors of malignant SPN were identified,and the clinical prediction model was established.Another 119 SPN patients in Affiliated Zhoushan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University were selected as group B to verify the diagnostic efficiency of the prediction model.Results Using multivariate Logistic regression analysis,clear border (OR=6.274,P＜0.01),smooth edge (OR=0.391,P＜0.01),lobulation (OR=3.387,P＜0.01),pleural retraction sign (OR=2.430,P＜0.01),and vocule sign (OR=3.076,P＜0.01)were identified as independent predictors of malignant SPN.The area of the model under the ROC curve was 0.859 with 95％ CI (0.804-0.903).The diagnostic accuracy rate,sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 85.92％,91.03％,81.97％,92.03％ and 73.53％,respectively.Conclusion In this study,the independent predictors of malignant SPN appearing as GGN were identified,and the prediction model was established.The model can accurately identify SPN and provide effective help for early diagnosis of SPN.
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Spectrophotometric seawater pH measurement system is an urgent need of device due to its quick speed and high precision. Based on spectrophotometric method and flow injection analysis technique, an automated system for pH measurement of seawater was developed by integrating pump and valve flow path, LED light source, flow cell and spectrophotometer. This measurement system effectively avoided bubbles. The indicator of concentration gradient in the seawater sample was used to correct for the pH perturbation caused by the indicator, thus the operation of system was simple and convenient. with this system, only 1. 5 min was needed for a sample measurement with a precision of 0. 0013 pH units and an offset of 0. 0059 pH units. This system could be used for the rapid determination of pH of seawater collected by laboratory or research ship with high precision pH values.
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Objective To investigate CT findings of abnormal bronchovascular bundle in patients with peripheral small cell lung cancer (SCLC).Methods The CT findings of abnormal bronchovascular bundle in 78 peripheral SCLC patients confirmed by pathology were retrospectively reviewed.Abnormal bronchovascular bundle of peripheral SCLC was divided into three types:type Ⅰ (thickening of the bronchovascular bundle),type Ⅱ (string beads of bronchovascular bundle) and type Ⅲ (bronchial cast with bronchus cut-off).Results 41 of 78 patients had abnormal bronchovascular bundle,in which 26 cases were in type Ⅰ,10 in type Ⅱ,5 in type Ⅲ.Except for 1 case with no mediastinal lymph node metastasis among 41 cases with abnormal bronchovascular bundle,all other 40 cases had mediastinal lymph node metastasis.Conclusion The abnormal bronchovascular bundle could reflect the biologic character of SCLC.Abnormal bronchovascular bundle is associated with advanced patients.
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Purpose To evaluate the CT features and pathological manifestations of the solid components of mixture ground-glass opacity (GGO) in adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), minimally invasive adenocarcinom (MIA) and invasive adenocarcinoma (IAC), to analyze the qualitative diagnosis value of solid components of mixture GGO in the diagnosis of AIS, MIA and IAC, to provide reference for the selection of clinical treatment.Materials and Methods Eighteen patients with AIS, 53 patients with MIA and 28 patients with IAC (the maximum diameter smaller than 2 cm) proved by surgery and pathology with CT features appearing as mixture GGO were retrospectively analyzed, CT features of the solid components in three groups were analyzed and compared with pathology.Results The solid components in AIS mainly appeared as punctiform or polygon, with extensive distribution, solid nodules were usually single (17 cases, 94.44%), located in the middle of the lesion (14 cases, 77.78%), with clear binderies (16 cases, 88.89%) and the same density with vessels in the same axis (13 cases, 72.22%); the majority of solid components in MIA appeared as circular or elliptical (33 cases, 62.26%), less than or equal to 5 mm (48 cases, 90.57%), with eccentric or multi-point distribution (45 cases, 84.90%), the boundaries were less sharp (40 cases, 75.47%), with slightly lower density than that of the vasculars in the same level (34 cases, 64.15%); the solid components in IAC mainly appeared as irregular lesions (21 cases, 75.00%), lager than 5 mm (24 cases, 85.71%), with eccentric growth (20 cases, 71.43%) and less sharp boundary (15 cases, 53.57%), the integration of multiple nodules could also be observed. There were statistically significant differences in the CT features of solid components within the lesions among the three groups (P<0.01).Conclusion It is possible to predict the pathological typing and the prognosis of pulmonary mixture GGO in a certain extent according to the different CT features of the solid components in it, and to guide clinical treatment principles.
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Objective:To establish an HPLC method to simultaneously determine the content of protocatechualdehyde, rosmarinic acid and salvianolic acid A in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. Methods: The chromatographic column was a Linksil-ODS ( 250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5 μm) column,the mobile phase was 1% acetic acid water solution-acetonitrile (7∶3) with the flow rate of 0. 8 ml·min-1 . The detection wavelength was 280nm , the column temperature was 30℃ and the injection volume was 20 μl. Results: The linear range of protocatechualdehyde, rosmarinicacid and salvianolic acid A was 3-300 μg·ml-1(r>0. 999 0), and the recovery was within the range of 95. 22%-99. 68% with RSD below 2% (n=5). Conclusion:The method is accurate, rapid and reproducible, and can be used to control the quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge.
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In order to explore the influence of age and some related factors on cardiac dimensions,more than 300 healthy adults 20-81(average 46?16)years old were studied by echocardiography. By stepwise regression analysis and multiple covariance analysis,it was shown that the left ventricular wall thickness increased with age gradually,but no significant change was found in the diastolic left ventricular internal diameter.The ratio of the interventricular septum(IVS)/left ventricular posterior wall(LVPW)thicknesses increased with age,sug- gesting that the increment of thickness of IVS appeared more than that of LVPW,so that the left ventricular outlet decreased slightly with aging.The left atrium,aortic root and right ventricular chamber were found to be dilated slightly with advance in age.The diastolic mitral valve EF slope reduced with aging,probably reflcting the decrease of left ventricular compli- ance and of elasticity of the valve. In addition,it was also found that there was a sexual difference in some cardiac measurements,and many cardiac dimensions correlated with body size and blood pressure. The sources of differences in cardiac dimensions among various age groups and the rela- tionship among cardiac dimensions were analysed and discussed. In conclusion,the effects of age,sex,body size and blood pressure should be considered in clinical evaluation of cardiac dimensions by echocardiography.
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The normal value of cardiac output and relative indices of cardiac function were determined using Doppler ultrasound technique,by means of measurinp the blood flow velocity in the ascending aorta on a level with the suprasternal notch,in 358 healthy adults aged 20 to 81 years(mean 46?16)in the Kunming area.The diff- erences of the indices of the cardiac function among persons prouped on the basis of age were analysed.The effects of sex,body size and particularly aging and the changes of the aortic dimension,ejection time and heart rate associated with aging on the cardiac function were studied using the method of multivariate aoalysis.